The present paper presents an overview of the studies on the genus Paguristes from the Caribbean Sea and more specifically from Cuban waters. Additionally, the hermit crabs belonging to the genus Paguristes collected during different surveys of the "Instituto de Oceanología de Cuba" on the Cuban coast have been listed. A new species of hermit crab, Paguristes hologuinensis sp. nov., is described and remarks on a new record, Paguristes paraguanensis MacLaughlin and Provenzano, 1974, are given.