This study aims on a first comparison of the shallow water (<550 m) ophiuroid fauna of the Magellan region and the high-Antarctic Weddell Sea. Five species are common to both the Magellan region (22 species) and the Weddell Sea (42 species). The most abundant Magellan species is Ophiuroglypha lymani, contributing 33% to total ophiuroid abundance and 44% to total ophiuroid biomass. The diets of O. lymani and of three closely related (same sub-family Ophiurinae) also dominant, Antarctic species are similar, indicate however slightly different feeding strategies. The Magellan species tends more towards microphageous grazing, whereas the Weddell Sea species act more like scavengers. Within the sub-family Ophiurinae growth performance of O. lymani is higher than in Antarctic species and in the range of boreal species.